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There are three main rules that you need to know. 1. If you add –ed to a word that ends with a t or d sound, then ed sounds like ‘ed’ and is pronounced as an extra syllable. For example: faintED 2. If you add –ed to a word that ends with voiceless consonant sounds – c, ch, f, gh, k, ks, p, s, sh, t...etc– then the -ed sound sounds like ‘t’ and is not pronounced as an extra syllable. For example: forced – pronounced ‘forst’ 3. If you add –ed to any other word that does not fit the above rules and has these voiced consonant sounds, or with a vowel, – b, d, g, j, l, m, n, ng, r, th, v, z...etc, the –ed is pronounced with a ‘d’ sound, no extra syllable. For example: waved is pronounced 'wayvd'. Pronounce these words aloud:
To practice pronouncing your –ed suffix sounds, we recommend reading aloud The Da Vinci Code by Dan Brown. There are some exceptions to this rule to separate a verb from an adjective.
Here are two of them.
http://www.speakoz.com/english-directory/lesson-plans/ed.html
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